Plant Types

Plant Types ( Source The Garden Expert by Dr.D.G.Hessayon)

A. Woody Plants:
Perennial plants with woody stems which survive the winter,
-A Shrub bears several woody stems at ground level.
- A Tree bears only one woody stem at ground level
- A Climber has the ability when establisted to attach itself to or twine around an upright structure. Some weak-stemmed plants which require tying to stakes (e.g, Climbing Roses) are included here.
- A Hedge is a continous line of Shrub or Trees in which the individuality of each plant is partly of wholly lost.

1. Evergreen Shrub & Trees
Woody Plans which retain their leaves during winter.
- Conifers, bear cones and nearly all are Evergreens
- Semi-evergreens (e.g, Privet) retain most of their leaves in mild winter.

2. Deciduous Shrubs & Trees
Woody plants which shed their leaves in winter.
- Top fruit are Trees which produce edible fruit 9e.g, Apples, Pear, Peach Plum)
- Soft Fruit are Shrubs and Climbers which produce edible fruit (e.g. Black currant, Gooseberry) A few are Herbaceous Plants (e.g.Strawberry).

3. Roses
Desidous Shrubs and Trees of the genus Rosa, usually listed separately in the catalogues because of their importance and great popularity.
- A Half Standard is a Rose Tree with a 2 1/2 ft stem
- A Full Standard is a Rose Tree with a 3 1/2 ft stem.

B. Turf Plants:
Low-growing carpeting plants, nearly always members of the Grass Family, which can be regularly sheared and walked upon.
A ground Cover is a low-growing and spreading plant which forms a dense leafy mat.

C. Herbaceous Plants:
Plants with non-woody stems which generally die down in winter.
1. Vegetables
Plants which are grown for their edible roots, stems or leaves. A few are grown for their fruits (e.g. Tomatok Cucumber, Marrow, Capsicum).
2. Herbs
Plants which are grown for their medicinal value, their culinary value as garnishes or flavourings, or their cosmetic value as sweet-smelling flowers or leaves.
3. Bulbs
Bulbs (more correctly Bulbous Plants) produce underground fleshy organs which are offered for sale for planting indoors or outdoors included here are the True Bulbs, Corms, Rhizomes and Tubers.
4. Annuals
Plants which complete their life span, from seed to death, in a single season.
- A Hardy Annual (HA) is sown outdoors in spring.
- A Half-hardy Annual (HHA) cannot withstand frost, and so they are raised under glass and planted outdoors when the danger of frost is past.
- A Greenhouse (or Tender) Annual (GA) is too susceptible to cols weather for outdoor cultivation, but may be planted out for a short time in summer
5. Biennials
Plants which complete their life span, from seed to death, in two seasons.
- A Hardy Biennial (HB) is sown outdoors in summer, producing stems and leaves in the first season and flowering in the next.
- Some Perennials are treated an Biennials (e.g. Wallflower, Daisy).

A Bedding Plant is an Annual or Biennial set out in quantity in autumn or spring to provide a temporary display.

6. Perennials
Plants which complete their life span, form seed to death, in three or more seasons.
- A Hardy Perennial (HP) will live for years in the garden - the basic plant of the herbaceous border.
- A Half-hardy Perennial (HHP) is not fully hardy and needs to spend its winter in a frost-free place (e.g Fuchsia, Geranium)
- A Greenhouse Perennial (GP) is not suitable for outdoor cultivation.
- A Rockery Perennial (RP) is a dward Hardy Perennial suitable for growing in a rockery. Alpine is an alternative name, although some originated on the shore rather than on mountains, and some delicate True Alpines need to be grown indoors
.......cont

Plant Types

2. Evergreen Shrubs & Trees
Woody plants which retain their leaves during winter.
- Conifers, bear cones and nearly are Evergreen.
- Semi-Evergreen, (e.g. Privet) retain mossst of their leaves in a mild winter.

Plant Types

Plant Types (Source : The Garden Expert by Dr.D.G.Hessayon)

1. Woody Plants :
Perennial plants with woody stems which survive the winter.
- A Shrub bears several woody stems at ground level.
- A Tree bears only one woody stem at ground level.
- A Climber has the ability when established to attach it self to or twine around an upright structure. Some weak-stemmed plants which require tying to stakes (e.g. Climbing Roses) are included here.
- A Hedge is a contin uous line of Shrubs or Trees in which the individuality of each plant is partly or wholly lost.

How to make Bonsai - Step By Step:

Bonsai is not a House Plant, They can be displayed in the Living room from time to time , but they must be conditioned to spend most of their growing period outside.
1. Container : Must be shallow containers, the height not more than 1/3 of the diameter of the pot, for long lasting Bonsai the height of the container max 15 cm. Before planting, place a piece of wire mesh over drain hole.
2. Soil : Use Coarse granular soil, sieved and drained.
3. Plants : Bonsai can be grown from Cuttings, Seeds, or can be collected from wild plants or can be propagated by layering.
4. Potting :
a. Place a piece of wire mesh over drain hole.
b. Spread coarse granular soil.
c. Disentangle the roots carefully with chopsticks.
d. Cut away unneessary long roots.
e. Taking the harmony with the container into consideration, settle the tree in the best location.
f. Place the roots carefully.
g. Cover with fine soils, and firm around the root with the tree held securely.
h. Sweep off excess soil and even the surface.
5. Pruning :
a. The Leader is to be cut to keep the tree dwarfed.
b.The seedling/cut tree ready for pruning to shape the trunk.
c. Note upright shoot removed, lateral branch allowed to grow.
d. More cut to shape the tree.
e. Trunk beginning to assume picturesque form.
6. Wiring :
a. The plant must be encouraged to have straight trunks for maximum beauty form.
b. The trunk is repeatedly cut back year after year to make it shorter and thicker, to have branches as low as possible and to keep them healthy.
c. If the trunk becomes bent or twisted, copper wire should coiled spirally around it from the base up. the trunk can be straightened, bent and the wire kept until the trunk is fixed in the shape and position.
d. The container is bound with light cord, somewhat like tying a parcel. The branches are lowered and held in the desired position by means of string tied to them and fastened to the cord around the container. The string are left on for severel months until the position of the branches becomes fixed.
7. Watering/Fertilizing : Watering from time to time. The object of feritlizing is not to make the bonsai grow but to maintain them in good health. The best one is the liquid fertilizer. Over-fertilizing often caused the leaves to turn yellow or white and to shrivel and die if it is severe enough.
8. Repotting :
All plants become sick of their soil after a while, so annual repotting is needed. Trimming 1/3 of the roots each time is recomended.
a. To remove plant, hold the pot with one hand and tap the wrist lightly with a fist of the other hand.
b. The tree together with soil will come out easily.
c. Disentangle the roots with shopsticks.
d. Trim long roots about by half with sharp scissors.
e. Place a piece of wire mesh over drain hole and mound coarse granular soil.
f. Place the tree in the center and turn it round once or twice so that the soil may spread.
g. Settle the tree in the best location and fill with soil. Firm the soil, even the surface with an old paint brush.
h. Sprinkle plenty of water so that it may flow away from drain hole.
i. Keep the tree shadded for a few days, and then gradually expose to the sun, occasionally spraying with water.

...........con't

Bonzai Step-by-Step

History:
1000 years ago was started in China, before Japanese adopt this method as an art in plant dwarfing. Until 1900 Bonsai never known by people outside the FarEast. In 1909 Horticulture Exhibition in London this Dwarf Plants was exhibited and shocked the world.

The word Bonsai in Japanese written characters Bon means shallow container, and sai means planting.
Bonsai categorised by the height :
1. Mame : This Bonsai's height not more than 15 cm
2. Ko : The height between 15 - 30 cm
3. Chui : The height between 30 - 60 cm
4. Dai : is the Bonsai with 60 - 90 cm height.

How to make Bonsai - The Step By Step Guide :

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